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-0.0 +0.6 -0.000 +0.024 -0.0 +0.6 -0.000 +0.024 (45 ) 1.772 (45 ) 1.772 (9.4) 0.37 4.17 (105.9) 1.95 1.95 (49.5) (49.5) 2 2 1 o o 1 a a r ma n % w p % 1.76 (44.7) 11 5 12 1.76 (44.7) 14 13 4 3 2 1 10 9 8 7 6 1 models t16 & p16 - temperature/process controllers general description the model t16 controller accepts signals from a variety of temperature sensors (thermocouple or rtd), while the model p16 controller accepts either a 0 to 10 vdc or 0/4 to 20 ma dc input signal. both controllers can provide an accurate output control signal (time proportional or dc analog output) to maintain a process at a setpoint value. dual 4-digit displays allow viewing of the process/temperature and setpoint simultaneously. front panel indicators inform the operator of the controller and output status. the comprehensive programming allows these controllers to meet a wide variety of application requirements. main control the controller operates in the pid control mode for both heating and cooling, with on-demand auto-tune, that establishes the tuning constants. the pid tuning constants may be fine-tuned through the front panel and then locked out from further modification. the controller employs a unique overshoot suppression feature, that allows the quickest response without excessive overshoot. switching to manual mode provides the operator direct control of the output. the controller may also be programmed to operate in on/off mode with adjustable hysteresis. alarms optional alarm(s) can be configured independently for absolute high or low acting with balanced or unbalanced hysteresis. they can also be configured for deviation and band alarm. in these modes, the alarm trigger values track the setpoint value. adjustable alarm hysteresis can be used for delaying output response. the alarms can be programmed for automatic or latching operation. a selectable standby feature suppresses the alarm during power-up until the temperature stabilizes outside the alarm region. analog output option the optional dc analog output (10 v or 20 ma) can be configured and scaled for control or re-transmission purposes. the programmable output update time reduces valve or actuator activity. pc programming kit the optional tp16kit contains a programming module with a 9 pin rs232 connector, cable and crimson, a windows ? based configuration software. the software allows downloading, uploading and storage of t16 and p16 program files. all controllers have a communications port that allows configuration by pc even without controller power connected. controller calibration is also possible using the software when the proper calibration equipment and controller power is connected. construction the controller is constructed of a lightweight, high impact, black plastic textured case and bezel with a clear display window. the front panel meets nema 4x/ip65 specifications when properly installed. in applications that do not require protection to nema 4x, multiple controllers can be stacked horizontally or vertically. modern surface-mount technology, extensive testing, plus high immunity to noise interference makes the controller extremely reliable in industrial environments. safety summary all safety related regulations, local codes and instructions that appear in the manual or on equipment must be observed to ensure personal safety and to prevent damage to either the instrument or equipment connected to it. if equipment is used in a manner not specified by the manufacturer, the protection provided by the equipment may be impaired. do not use the controller to directly command motors, valves, or other actuators not equipped with safeguards. to do so can be potentially harmful to persons or equipment in the event of a fault to the controller. an independent and redundant temperature limit indicator with alarm outputs is strongly recommended. ? pid control with reduced overshoot ? t16 accepts tc and rtd ? p16 accepts 0-10 v and 0/4-20 ma signals ? on demand auto-tuning of pid settings ? dc analog output (optional) ? user programmable function button ? pc or front panel programming ? pc configurable with tp16kit dimensions in inches (mm) panel cut-out ul recognized component, file #e179259 caution: risk of danger. read complete instructions prior to installation and operation of the unit. caution: risk of electric shock. bulletin no. t/p16-m drawing no. lp0486 released 11/16 tel +1 (717) 767-6511 fax +1 (717) 764-0839 www.redlion.net
2 input specifications 1. sensor input : sample period : 100 msec (10 hz rate) step response time : 300 msec typical, 400 msec max to within 99% of final value with step input. failed sensor response : main control output(s): programmable preset output display: open alarms: upscale drive analog output: upscale drive when assigned to retransmitted input. normal mode rejection : >40 db @ 50/60 hz common mode rejection : >120 db, dc to 60 hz overvoltage protection : 120 vac @ 15 sec max 2. rtd inputs : (t16 only) type : 2 or 3 wire excitation : 150 a typical lead resistance : 15 ? max per input lead resolution : 1 or 0.1 for all types type input type range standard 385 100 ? platinum, alpha = .00385 -200 to +600c -328 to +1112f iec 751 392 100 ? platinum, alpha = .003919 -200 to +600c -328 to +1112f no official standard 672 120 ? nickel, alpha = .00672 -80 to +215c -112 to +419f no official standard ohms linear resistance 0.0 to 320.0 ? n/a 3. thermocouple inputs : (t16 only) types : t, e, j, k, r, s, b, n, c, and linear mv input impedance : 20 m ? for all types lead resistance effect : 0.25 v/ ? cold junction compensation : less than 1c typical (1.5c max) error over ambient temperature range. resolution : 1 for types r, s, b and 1 or 0.1 for all other types type display range wire color standard ansi bs 1843 t -200 to +400c -328 to +752f (+) blue (-) red (+) white (-) blue its-90 e -200 to 750c -328 to +1382f (+) violet (-) red (+) brown (-) blue its-90 type display range wire color standard ansi bs 1843 j -200 to +760c -328 to +1400f (+) white (-) red (+) yellow (-) blue its-90 k -200 to +1250c -328 to +2282f (+) yellow (-) red (+) brown (-) blue its-90 r 0 to +1768c +32 to +3214f no standard (+) white (-) blue its-90 s 0 to +1768c +32 to +3214f no standard (+) white (-) blue its-90 b +149 to +1820c +300 to +3308f no standard no standard its-90 n -200 to +1300c -328 to +2372f (+) orange (-) red (+) orange (-) blue its-90 c w5/w6 0 to +2315c +32 to +4199f no standard no standard astm e988-96 mv -5.00 mv to 56.00mv n/a n/a n/a 4. signal input : (p16 only) input range accuracy * impedance max continuous overload resolution 10 vdc (-1 to 11) 0.30 % of reading +0.03v 1 m ? 50 v 10 mv 20 ma dc (-2 to 22) 0.30 % of reading +0.04v 10 ? 100 ma 10 a * accuracies are expressed as percentages over 0 to 50 c ambient range after 20 minute warm-up. 5. temperature indication accuracy : (t16 only) (0.3% of span, +1c) at 23 c ambient after 20 minute warm up. includes nist conformity, cold junction effect, a/d conversion errors and linearization conformity. span drift (maximum) : 130 ppm/c 6. user input : (only controllers with alarms have a user input terminal.) internally pulled up to +7 vdc (100 k ? ), v in max = 35 v, v il = 0.6 v max, v ih = 1.5 v min, i off = 40 a max response time : 120 msec max functions : programmable general specifications 1. display : 2 line by 4-digit, lcd negative image transmissive with backlighting. top (process) display : 0.3" (7.6 mm) high digits with red backlighting. bottom (parameter) display : 0.2" (5.1 mm) high digits with green backlighting. 2. annunciators : status annunciators : o1 - main control output is active. o2 - cooling output is active (when alarm 2 is used for cooling). a1 - alarm 1 output is active. a2 - alarm 2 output is active. f, c - temperature units. %pw - output power percentage is shown in bottom display. man - controller is in manual mode. r - ramping setpoint indicator. % - percent indicator (p16 models only). display messages : ???? - measurement exceeds + sensor range ???? - measurement exceeds - sensor range ???? - open sensor is detected (t16 only) ???? - shorted sensor is detected (rtd only) ???? - measurement exceeds controller limits (p16 only) ???? - display value exceeds + display range ???? - display value exceeds - display range 3. power : line voltage models : 85 to 250 vac, 50/60 hz, 8 va low voltage models : dc power: 18 to 36 vdc, 4 w ac power: 24 vac, 10%, 50/60 hz, 7 va 4. controls : three rubber push buttons for modification and setup of controller parameters. one additional button (f1) for user programmable function. one external user input (models with alarms) for parameter lockout or other user programmable functions. 5. memory : nonvolatile e 2 prom retains all programmable parameters. 6. isolation level : ac power with respect to all other i/o : 250 v working (2300 v for 1 min.) sensor input to analog output : 50 v working (500 v for 1 minute) relay contacts to all other i/o : 300 v working (2300 v for 1 minute) dc power with respect to sensor input and analog output : 50 v working (500 v for 1 minute) 7. certifications and compliances : ce approved en 61326-1 immunity to industrial locations emission cispr 11 class a iec/en 61010-1 rohs compliant ul recognized component: file #e179259 type 4x enclosure rating (face only) ip65 enclosure rating (face only) ip20 enclosure rating (rear of unit) refer to emc installation guidelines section of the bulletin for additional information. 8. environmental conditions : operating temperature range : 0 to 50c storage temperature range : -40 to 80c operating and storage humidity : 85% max relative humidity (non- condensing) from 0c to 50c vibration to iec 68-2-6 : operational 5 to 150 hz, 2 g. shock to iec 68-2-27 : operational 20 g (10 g relay). altitude : up to 2000 meters 9. connection : wire-clamping screw terminals 10. construction : black plastic alloy case and collar style panel latch. panel latch can be installed for vertical or horizontal instrument stacking. black plastic textured bezel with transparent display window. controller meets nema 4x/ip65 requirements for indoor use when properly installed. installation category ii, pollution degree 2. 11. weight : 6.3 oz (179 g)
3 output specifications 1. control and alarm outputs : relay output : type: form a contact rating: 3 a @ 250 vac or 30 vdc (resistive load) life expectancy: 100,000 cycles at max. load rating (decreasing load and/or increasing cycle time, increases life expectancy) logic/ssr output (main control output only) : rating: 45 ma max @ 4 v min., 7 v nominal 2. main control : control : pid or on/off output : time proportioning or dc analog cycle time : programmable auto-tune : when selected, sets proportional band, integral time, derivative time, and output dampening time. also sets input filter and (if applicable) cooling gain. probe break action : programmable 3. alarms : (optional) 2 relay alarm outputs. modes : none absolute high acting (balanced or unbalanced hysteresis) absolute low acting (balanced or unbalanced hysteresis) deviation high acting deviation low acting inside band acting outside band acting heat (alarm 1 on analog output models only) cool (alarm 2) reset action : programmable; automatic or latched standby mode : programmable; enable or disable hysteresis : programmable sensor fail response : upscale annunciator : a1 and a2 programmable for normal or reverse acting 4. cooling : software selectable (overrides alarm 2). control : pid or on/off output : time proportioning cycle time : programmable proportional gain adjust : programmable heat/cool deadband overlap : programmable 5. analog dc output : (optional) self-powered (active) action : control or retransmission update rate : 0.1 to 250 sec output rang e ** accuracy * compliance resolution 0 to 10 v 0.3% of fs + ? lsd 10 k ? min 1/8000 0 to 20 ma 0.3% of fs + ? lsd 500 ? max 1/8000 4 to 20 ma 0.3% of fs + ? lsd 500 ? max 1/6400 * acc uracies are expressed as percentages over 0 to 50 c ambient range after 20 minute warm-up. ** outputs are independently jumper selectable for either 10 v or 20 ma. the output range may be field calibrated to yield approximately 5% overrange and a small underrange (negative) signal. ordering information model no. main control 2 alarms & user input part numbers 18-36 vdc/24 vac 85 to 250 vac t16 relay t1610010 t1610000 relay yes t1611110 t1611100 logic/ssr t1620010 t1620000 logic/ssr yes t1621110 T1621100 analog out * yes t1641110 t1641100 p16 relay p1610010 p1610000 relay yes p1611110 p1611100 logic/ssr p1620010 p1620000 logic/ssr yes p1621110 p1621100 analog out * yes p1641110 p1641100 * analog out may be used for retransmitted signals. w hen using analog output for retransmitted signals, al1 becomes main control o1, if selected for heating in th e analog out models. accessories model no. description part numbers tp16 programming kit 1 : includes software, comms module w/ 9-pin connector and cable, and 115 vac power adapter tp16kit1 programming kit 2 : includes software, comms module w/ 9-pin connector and cable tp16kit2 rly external ssr power unit (for logic/ssr models) rly50000 25 a single phase din rail mount solid state relay rly60000 40 a single phase din rail mount solid state relay rly6a000 three phase din rail mount solid state relay rly70000
4 emc installation guidelines although red lion controls products are designed with a high degree of immunity to electromagnetic interference (emi), proper installation and wiring methods must be followed to ensure compatibility in each application. the type of the electrical noise, source or coupling method into a unit may be different for various installations. cable length, routing, and shield termination are very important and can mean the difference between a successful or troublesome installation. listed are some emi guidelines for a successful installation in an industrial environment. 1. a unit should be mounted in a metal enclosure, which is properly connected to protective earth. 2. use shielded cables for all signal and control inputs. the shield connection should be made as short as possible. the connection point for the shield depends somewhat upon the application. listed below are the recommended methods of connecting the shield, in order of their effectiveness. a. connect the shield to earth ground (protective earth) at one end where the unit is mounted. b. connect the shield to earth ground at both ends of the cable, usually when the noise source frequency is over 1 mhz. 3. never run signal or control cables in the same conduit or raceway with ac power lines, conductors, feeding motors, solenoids, scr controls, and heaters, etc. the cables should be run through metal conduit that is properly grounded. this is especially useful in applications where cable runs are long and portable two-way radios are used in close proximity or if the installation is near a commercial radio transmitter. also, signal or control cables within an enclosure should be routed as far away as possible from contactors, control relays, transformers, and other noisy components. 4. long cable runs are more susceptible to emi pickup than short cable runs. 5. in extremely high emi environments, the use of external emi suppression devices such as ferrite suppression cores for signal and control cables is effective. the following emi suppression devices (or equivalent) are recommended: fair-rite part number 0443167251 (red lion controls #fcor0000) line filters for input power cables: schaffner # fn2010-1/07 (red lion controls #lfil0000) 6. to protect relay contacts that control inductive loads and to minimize radiated and conducted noise (emi), some type of contact protection network is normally installed across the load, the contacts or both. the most effective location is across the load. a. using a snubber, which is a resistor-capacitor (rc) network or metal oxide varistor (mov) across an ac inductive load is very effective at reducing emi and increasing relay contact life. b. if a dc inductive load (such as a dc relay coil) is controlled by a transistor switch, care must be taken not to exceed the breakdown voltage of the transistor when the load is switched. one of the most effective ways is to place a diode across the inductive load. most red lion products with solid state outputs have internal zener diode protection. however external diode protection at the load is always a good design practice to limit emi. although the use of a snubber or varistor could be used. red lion part numbers: snubber: snub0000 varistor: ils11500 or ils23000 7. care should be taken when connecting input and output devices to the instrument. when a separate input and output common is provided, they should not be mixed. therefore a sensor common should not be connected to an output common. this would cause emi on the sensitive input common, which could affect the instruments operation. visit http://www.redlion.net/emi for more information on emi guidelines, safety and ce issues as they relate to red lion products. +5v a a a d +7v d +5v +22v -6.2v d o +22v o o +7v d +5v d d a +7v +7v +7v +7v d/a conv. 20m 976k 20k .01f 100k 100k + - + - 25.5 100k 8.2 4.02k 10 (front) 10v (rear) 20ma (+) o1 (-) o1 power supply optio n power supply power control circuitry power input 11 -v/-i a/d converter user in +0.7v p16 0-10v p16 0-20 ma t16 rtd exc +v/+i a2/o2 comm a2/o2 n.o. a1/o1 comm a1/o1 n.o. * process circuitry input comm t16 tc+ keypad (-) o1 (+) o1 12 8 1 10 10 9 9 6 7 6 7 7 6 2 3 4 5 o analog output models ssr drive models alarm output models main control output ? e memory 2 ? ? block diagram * a1 becomes main control o1, if selected for heating in the analog out models.
5 1.0 s etting the j umpers (a n alog o utput m odels o nly ) to insure proper operation, the analog output jumpers must be set to the same range selected in programming module 2-op. the default jumper setting is for 20 ma. the default setting in module 2-op is 4-20 ma. to access the jumpers, insert a flat-blade screwdriver between the front panel and the side case slot. this should disengage the top and bottom front panel latches from the case grooves. pull the front panel assembly with the controller boards out of the case. the jumpers are located inside the controller on the left board along the back top section. 20ma (both jumpers towar d the rear of the unit) 10v (both jumpers toward the front of the unit) view from top of unit 02 f1 rd y a2 01 a1 %pw ma n % yo rk , p a. made in u. s.a. red lion c ontrols 2.0 i n sta lling the c ontroller instructions: 1. prepare the panel cutout to the proper dimensions. 2. remove the panel latch from the controller. discard the cardboard sleeve. 3. carefully remove the center section of the panel gasket and discard. slide the panel gasket over the rear of the controller, seating it against the lip at the front of the case. 4. insert the controller into the panel cutout. while holding the controller in place, push the panel latch over the rear of the controller, engaging the tabs of the panel latch in the farthest forward slot possible. 5. to achieve a proper seal, tighten the panel latch screws evenly until the controller is snug in the panel, torquing the screws to approximately 7 in-lb (79 n-cm). overtightening can result in distortion of the controller, and reduce the effectiveness of the seal. note: the installation location of the controller is important. be sure to keep it away from heat sources (ovens, furnaces, etc.) and away from direct contact with caustic vapors, oils, steam, or any other process by-products in which exposure may affect proper operation. -0.0 +0.6 -0.000 +0.024 -0.0 +0.6 -0.000 +0.024 (45 ) 1.772 (45 ) 1.772 14 13 6 7 8 10 9 latching bezel latching panel latch panel mounting screw tabs slots panel panel gasket multiple controller stacking the controller is designed to allow for close spacing of multiple controllers in applications that do not require protection to nema 4x. controllers can be stacked either horizontally or vertically. for vertical stacking, install the panel latch with the screws to the sides of the controller. for horizontal stacking, the panel latch screws should be at the top and bottom of the controller. the minimum spacing from centerline to centerline of controllers is 1.96" (49.8 mm). this spacing is the same for vertical or horizontal stacking. note: when stacking controllers, provide adequate panel ventilation to ensure that the maximum operating temperature range is not exceeded. 1.96 (49.8) min st andard pa nel cut- out if nema 4 is no t required, this pa nel ma terial ma y be removed. 2.39 (60.7) max. 1.96 (49.8) max. 2.39 (60.7) 1.96 (49.8) max max the t16 and p16 controllers meet nema 4x/ip65 requirements for indoor use to provide a watertight seal in steel panels with a minimum thickness of 0.09", or aluminum panels with a minimum thickness of 0.12". the controllers are designed to be mounted into an enclosed panel. the bezel assembly must be in place during installation of the controller.
6 3.0 w iring the c ontroller wiring connections all wiring connections are made to the rear screw terminals. when wiring the controller, use the numbers on the label and those embossed on the back of the case, to identify the position number with the proper function. all conductors should meet voltage and current ratings for each terminal. also, cabling should conform to appropriate standards of good installation, local codes and regulations. it is recommended that power (ac or dc) supplied to the controller be protected by a fuse or circuit breaker. strip the wire, leaving approximately 1/4" (6 mm) bare wire exposed (stranded wires should be tinned with solder). insert the wire under the clamping washer and tighten the screw until the wire is clamped tightly. controller power connections for best results, the power should be relatively clean and within the specified limits. drawing power from heavily loaded circuits or from circuits that also power loads that cycle on and off should be avoided. it is recommended that power supplied to the controller be protected by a fuse or circuit breaker. dc- dc+ 12 11 +- ac ac ~~ 12 11 input connections for two wire rtds, install a copper sense lead of the same gauge and length as the rtd leads. attach one end of the wire at the probe and the other end to input common terminal. complete lead wire compensation is obtained. this is the preferred method. if a sense wire is not used, then use a jumper. a temperature offset error will exist. the error may be compensated by programming a temperature offset. rt d 10 tc +9 c omm 8 rt d tc + 10 9 c omm 8 tc + tc - 10v 20ma 10 9 c omm 8 dc+ vol ta ge dc- dc+ curren t control and alarm output connections vdc vac rtd and resistance thermocouple and millivolt voltage and current 4 3 2n .o. comm. 5 comm. n.o. load load a c/dc powe r powe r a c/dc a2/o2 a1/o1* 7 6 ac/dc power load (-) o1 (+) o1 7 6 ac powe r ssr (-) o1 (+) o1 power unit + - ac ac alarm models main control relay models main control logic/ssr models analog dc output connections user input connections 8 1 user comm. inpu t * a1 becomes main control o1, if selected for heating in the analog out models. 7 6 controller, + v/i recorde r - v/i
7 front panel keys the f1 key is pressed to exit (or escape) directly to the start of the display loop. while in the display loop, the f1 key can be pressed to activate its programmed function. the loop key is pressed to advance to the next parameter, to activate a changed selection/value, and when held for three seconds, enter the hidden loop. the arrow keys are used to scroll through parameter selections/ values and in the configuration loop they are used to scroll to the appropriate parameter module. 4.0 r eview ing the f ront k eys a nd d isplay l a bj 2 2 1 o o 1 a a r ma n % w p % top display bottom display illuminates when output powe r percentage is shown. illuminates when controller is in manual mode. illuminates when percent is selected. (p16 only) illuminates when f or c is selected. (t16 only) displays temperature/process value. also displays parameter name in configuration loop . displays setpoint or % output power. also displays parameter name and value in display and hidden loops or parameter value in configuration loop . illuminates when cooling (secondary) output is active. illuminates when main control output is active. illuminates when alarm 2 output is active. illuminates when alarm 1 output is active. flashes when ramping setpoint is active. 5.0 p rogra mming : d isplay l oop display loop note: setpoint and output power are the only parameters visible in the display loop with factory settings. the remaining parameters can be selected for the display loop within module 3. parameter availability is model and programming dependent. display loop at power up, all display segments light, and then the programmed input type and the controllers software version will flash. then the temperature/process value is shown in the top display, and the setpoint value is shown in the bottom display. this is the display loop. if the setpoint is hidden or locked, the display loop will default to output power. if output power is also hidden or locked out, the bottom display is blank. during programming, the f1 key can be pressed to return the controller to this point. (only in the display loop will the f1 key perform the user f1in function programmed in input module 1?i? .) when the a is pressed the controller advances to the next parameter in the display loop. except for setpoint and % output power, the bottom display alternates between the parameter name and its selection/value. the arrow keys are pressed to change the selection/value for the shown parameter. the new selection/value is activated when the a is pressed. display loop parameters may be locked out or hidden in lockout module 3-lc. some parameters are model and programming dependent. front displa y ends and returns to st ar t of displa y loop . adva nces to next pa rameter. changes selection/v alue. to p display temp/process bott om display pa rameter selection/v alue f1
8 setpoint value (sp1) * setpoint value (sp2) * ???? to ???? ??? ?? 2? 2?? ?? % output power * ?1?? to 1???? ???? to ???? typically, the controller is operating with the setpoint value in the bottom display. there is no annunciator nor parameter indication for setpoint in the display loop. the parameter name alternates with the setpoint value in the hidden loop. the setpoint value can be changed, activated and stored by pressing the arrow keys. this is the only parameter that can be configured as read only in the display loop, but read/write in the hidden loop. it is possible to store a second setpoint value that can be selected in the hidden loop, by the f1 key or the user input. both setpoint values are limited by the setpoint low and high limits in input module 1-in . the % output power is shown with the %pw annunciator. the parameter name alternates with the % output power value in the hidden loop. while the controller is in automatic mode, this value is read only. when the controller is placed in manual mode, the value can be changed, activated and stored by pressing the arrow keys. for more details on % output power, see control mode explanations. 12? in?? integral time ? to ???? seconds integral action shifts the center point position of the proportional band to eliminate error in the steady state. the higher the integral time, the slower the response. the optimal integral time is best determined during pid tuning. if time is set to zero, the previous integral output power value is maintained. offset power can be used to provide manual reset. ?? ???? derivative time ? to ???? seconds per repeat derivative time helps to stabilize the response, but too high of a derivative time, coupled with noisy signal processes, may cause the output to fluctuate too greatly, yielding poor control. setting the time to zero disables derivative action. alarm 1 value ???? to ???? on models with alarms, the value for alarm 1 can be entered here. the value is either absolute (absolute alarm types) or relative to the setpoint value (deviation and band alarm types.) when alarm 1 is programmed for ???? or ??n? , this parameter is not available. for more details on alarms, see alarm module 4-al . ??? ???f output power offset when the integral time is set to zero and the controller is in the automatic mode, this parameter will appear after % output power. it is also shown with the %pw annunciator illuminated. the power offset is used to shift the proportional band to compensate for errors in the steady state. if integral action is later invoked, the controller will re-calculate the internal integral value to provide bumpless transfer and output power offset will not be necessary. ??? ???? proportional band ??? to ????? (% of full input range) the proportional band should be set to obtain the best response to a process disturbance while minimizing overshoot. a proportional band of 0.0% forces the controller into on/off control with its characteristic cycling at setpoint. for more information, see control mode and pid tuning explanations. * alternating indication only used in the hidden loop. alarm 2 value ???? to ???? on models with alarms, the value for alarm 2 can be entered here. the value is either absolute (absolute alarm types) or relative to the setpoint value (deviation and band alarm types.) when alarm 2 is programmed for ???? or ??n? , this parameter is not available. for more details on alarms, see the alarm module ???? . the values shown for the displays are the factory settings. t16 p16 ? ??? ???1 t16 p16 ? ??? ???2 t16 p16 ? ??? ?? t16 p16 ?1?? to 1????
6.0 p rogra mming : h idden l oop hidden loop note: parameters shown bold are the only parameters visible in the hidden loop with factory settings. setpoint and output power are factory set for the display loop. the remaining parameters can be selected for the hidden loop within module 3. parameter availability is model and programming dependent. front display ends and returns to st ar t of display loop . adva nces to next pa rameter. changes selection/va lue. to p display temp/process bott om display pa rameter selection/v alue f1 to enter hidden loop, press a for 3 seconds. hidden loop when a is pressed and held for three seconds, the controller advances to the hidden loop. the temperature/process value is shown in the top display. the bottom display alternates between the parameter and its selection/value. b or j is pressed to change the selection/value for the shown parameter. the new selection/value is activated after a is pressed. when l is pressed, the controller returns to the display loop and stores changed selection/values to permanent memory. hidden loop parameters may be locked out in lockout module ???? . some parameters are model and programming dependent. ? ? ? ???? ? ? ??1 ???? access code 1 to 12? if the access code is set from 1 to 125, in lockout module ???? , access code will appear here. by entering the proper code, access to the hidden loop is permitted. with the factory setting of 0, access code will not appear in the hidden loop. a universal code of 111 can be entered to gain access, independent of the programmed code number. ? ? ??? ???? setpoint ramp rate ??? to ????? ? ? ???? ??nf control mode transfer ???? ???? setpoint select ??1 or ??2 the spsl function allows the operator to switch from or to, setpoint 1 and setpoint 2. in the display loop, there is no annunciator indicating the selected setpoint, however, the selected setpoint value is displayed and activated. in automatic mode, the percentage of output power is automatically determined by the controller. in manual/user ???? mode, the percentage of output power is adjusted manually while in the display loop. the control mode can also be transferred through the f1 key or user input. for more information, see control mode explanations. the setpoint ramp rate can reduce sudden shock to the process and reduce overshoot on startup or after setpoint changes, by ramping the setpoint at a controlled rate. r annunciator flashes while ramping. with the t16, the ramp rate is always in tenths of degrees per minute, regardless of the resolution chosen for the process display. with the p16, the ramp rate is in least-significant (display units) digits per minute. a value of 0.0 or 0 disables setpoint ramping. once the ramping setpoint reaches the target setpoint, the setpoint ramp rate disengages until the setpoint is changed again. if the ramp value is changed during ramping, the new ramp rate takes effect. if the setpoint is ramping prior to starting auto- tune, the ramping is suspended during auto-tune and then resumed afterward. deviation and band alarms are relative to the target setpoint, not the ramping setpoint. a slow process may not track the programmed setpoint rate. at power up, the ramping setpoint is initialized at the ambient temperature/process value. 9
10 7.0 p rogra mming : c on figuration l oop loop hidden display loop pa rameters input module module output pa rameters lockout pa rameters module cooling p arameters module fa ct or y serv ice module alarm p arameters module configuration loop front display ends and returns to st ar t of display loop . returns to display loop . adva nces to next module. to p display temp/process bott om display cnfp/module enters module or at cnfp/no f1 to access the configuration loop, press the up key when ??f? / ?? is displayed in the hidden loop. the arrow keys are used to select the parameter module (1-9). to enter a specific module press a while the module number is displayed. in the configuration loop, ??f? will alternate with the parameter number in the bottom display. the temperature/process value is shown in the top display. after entering a parameter module, press a to advance through the parameter names in the module. to change a parameters selection/value, press the arrow keys while the parameter is displayed. in the modules, the top display shows the parameter name, and the bottom display shows the selection/value. use a to enter any selection/values that have been changed. the change is not committed to permanent memory until the controller is returned to the display loop. if a power loss occurs before returning to the display loop, the new values must be entered again. at the end of each module, the controller returns to ??f? / ?? . at this location, pressing a again returns the display to the the display loop. pressing the up key allows re-entrance to the configuration loop. whenever l is pressed, ?n? momentarily appears as the parameters are stored to permanent memory and the controller returns to the display loop. front display f1 ends and returns to start at returns to display loop . advances selection/value. top displa y parameter bottom display selection/value advances to next parameter or of display loop . ? ? 1?2 ???? alarms reset 1?2 with alarm models, the alarms can be manually reset. the up key resets alarm 1 and the down key resets alarm 2. ? ? ? ???? access code ?1 to ?12? if the access code is set from -1 to -125, in lockout module ???? , access code will appear here. by entering the proper code, access to the configuration loop is permitted (with a negative code value, the hidden loop can be accessed without the use of a code). with the factory setting of 0 or with an active user input configured for program lock ( ???? ), access code will not appear here. an active user input configured for program lock ( ???? ) always locks out the configuration loop, regardless of access code. ? ? ?? ???? auto-tune start ?? ??? the auto-tune procedure of the controller sets the proportional band, integral time, derivative time, digital filter, control output dampening time, and relative gain (heat/cool) values appropriate to the characteristics of the process. this parameter allows front panel starting ??? or stopping ?? of auto-tune. for more information, see pid tuning explanations.
11 7.1 module 1 - i nput p arameters ( 1-in ) t16 o nly input type temp scale decimal resolution digital filtering offset shift/ high limit setpoint setpoint low limit input user f1 key function parameter menu ???? ???? input type ?f ???? temperature scale ?f fahrenheit ?? celsius selection type selection type ???? t tc ???? n tc ???? e tc ???? c tc ??? ? j tc ?i? linear mv ???? k tc ???? rtd 385 ???? r tc ???2 rtd 392 ???? s tc ???2 rtd 672 ???? b tc ??i? linear ohms select the input type that corresponds to the input sensor. select either degrees fahrenheit or celsius. for linear mv and ohms input types, this has no effect. if changed, adjust related parameter values, as the controller does not automatically convert them. ? ???? decimal resolution ? to ??? for temperature and resistance inputs ???? for mv inputs select whole degrees, or tenths of degrees for temperature display, setpoint values, and related parameters. for linear resistance inputs ??i? , the same parameter selections apply in ohms or tenths of an ohm. for mv inputs ?i? , only hundredths of a mv resolution is available. ? ???? shift/offset ???? to ???? degrees this value offsets the controllers temperature display value by the entered amount. this is useful in applications in which the sensor cannot provide the actual temperature signal due to mounting constraints, inaccuracy, etc. ? ???? setpoint low limit ???? to ???? the controller has a programmable low setpoint limit value to restrict the setting range of the setpoint. set the limit so that the setpoint value cannot be set below the safe operating area of the process. ???? ???i setpoint high limit ???? to ???? the controller has a programmable high setpoint limit value to restrict the setting range of the setpoint. set the limit so that the setpoint value cannot be set above the safe operating area of the process. ???? in?? user input function (optional) the controller performs the selected user input function (user input available only on models with alarms), when the user terminal 1 is connected (pulled low) to common terminal 8. no function : no function is performed. program lock : the configuration loop is locked, as long as activated (maintained action). integral action lock : the integral action of the pid computation is disabled (frozen), as long as activated (maintained action). auto/manual select : this function selects (maintained action) automatic (open) or manual control (activated). setpoint 1 or 2 select : this function selects (maintained action) setpoint 1(open) or setpoint 2 (activated) as the active setpoint. setpoint ramp disable : the setpoint ramping feature is disabled, as long as activated (maintained action). any time the user input is activated with a ramp in process, ramping is aborted. reset alarms : active alarms are reset, as long as activated (maintained action). active alarms are reset until the alarm condition is cleared and triggered again (momentary action). 1 f??? digital filtering ? = least to ? = most the filter is an adaptive digital filter that discriminates between measurement noise and actual process changes. if the signal is varying too greatly due to measurement noise, increase the filter value. if the fastest controller response is needed, decrease the filter value. selection function selection function ???? no function ??? setpoint 1 or 2 select ???? program lock ???? setpoint ramp disable i??? integral action lock ???? reset both alarms ??nf auto/manual select
12 7.1 module 1 - i nput p arameters ( 1-in ) p16 o nly input type percent symbol decimal resolution rounding increment input value 1 display value 1 setpoint low limi t setpoint high limit f1 key function user input digital filtering display value 2 input value 2 a a parameter menu ???? ???? input type ?? ??? percent annunciator ??? on ?? off this only illuminates the % annunciator. it does not perform any type of percent function, but is useful in applications that have been scaled in percent. ??1 ?n? rounding increment 1 to 1?? in steps of 1 least significant digit, regardless of decimal point. rounding selections other than 1 cause the process value display to round to the nearest rounding increment selected. (for example, rounding of 5 causes 122 to round to 120 and 123 to round to 125.) rounding starts at the least significant digit of the process value. setpoint values, setpoint limits, alarm values, input scaling values, and analog scaling values are not affected by rounding. ??? ???1 display value scaling point 1 ???? to ???? enter the first coordinate display value by using the arrow keys. ???? i??1 input value scaling point 1 ???? to 2???? ma ???? to 1???? v for key-in method, enter the first coordinate input value by using the arrow keys. to allow the p16 to learn the signal, use the applied method. for applied method, press l . the annunciator is turned on to indicate the applied method. adjust the applied signal level externally until the appropriate value appears under i??1 . using either method, press a to store the value for i??1 . (the controller can be toggled back to the key-in method by pressing l before a .) ??? ???? decimal resolution ? ??? ???? ????? this selection affects the decimal point placement for the process value, and related parameters. 1 f??? digital filtering ? = least to ? = most the filter is an adaptive digital filter that discriminates between measurement noise and actual process changes. if the signal is varying too greatly due to measurement noise, increase the filter value. if the fastest controller response is needed, decrease the filter value. ???? f1in f1 key function the controller performs the selected f1 key function, when l is pressed while in the display loop. in any other loop or module location, pressing l will perform an escape to the display loop. no function : no function is performed. auto/manual select : this function toggles (momentary action) the controller between automatic and manual control. setpoint 1 or 2 select : this function toggles (momentary action) the controller between setpoint 1 and setpoint 2. reset alarms : this function can be used to reset one or both of the alarms when activated (momentary action) the alarm will remain reset until the alarm condition is cleared and triggered again. reset both alarms ???? setpoint 1 or 2 select ??? reset alarm 2 ?2?? auto/manual select ??nf reset alarm 1 ?1?? no function ???? function selection function selection voltage current ???? ???? type selection select the input type that corresponds to the input signal. scaling to scale the controller, two scaling points are necessary. each scaling point has a coordinate pair of display values and input values. it is recommended that the two scaling points be at the low and high ends of the input signal being measured. process value scaling will be linear between and continue past the entered points to the limits of the input range. (factory settings example will display 0.0 at 4.00 ma input and display 100.0 at 20.00 ma input.) reverse acting indication can be accomplished by reversing the two signal points or the display value points, but not both. if both are reversed, forward (normal) acting indication will occur. in either case, do not reverse the input wires to change the action. 1???? ???2 display value scaling point 2 ???? to ???? enter the second coordinate display value by using the arrow keys.
13 2???? i??2 input value scaling point 2 ???? to 2???? ma ???? to 1???? v for key-in method, enter the second coordinate input value by using the arrow keys. to allow the p16 to learn the signal, use the applied method. for applied method, press l . the annunciator is turned on to indicate the applied method. adjust the applied signal level externally until the appropriate value appears under i??2 . using either method, press a to store the value for i??2 . (the controller can be toggled back to the key-in method by pressing l before a .) ??? ???? setpoint low limit ???? to ???? the controller has a programmable low setpoint limit value to restrict the setting range of the setpoint. set the limit so that the setpoint value cannot be set below the safe operating area of the process. ????? ???i setpoint high limit ???? to ???? the controller has a programmable high setpoint limit value to restrict the setting range of the setpoint. set the limit so that the setpoint value cannot be set above the safe operating area of the process. ???? in?? user input function (optional) the controller performs the selected user input function (user input available only on models with alarms), when the user terminal 1 is connected (pulled low) to common terminal 8. no function : no function is performed. program lock : the configuration loop is locked, as long as activated (maintained action). integral action lock : the integral action of the pid computation is disabled (frozen), as long as activated (maintained action). auto/manual select : this function selects (maintained action) automatic (open) or manual control (activated). setpoint 1 or 2 select : this function selects (maintained action) setpoint 1(open) or setpoint 2 (activated) as the active setpoint. setpoint ramp disable : the setpoint ramping feature is disabled, as long as activated (maintained action). any time the user input is activated with a ramp in process, ramping is aborted. reset alarms : active alarms are reset, as long as activated (maintained action). active alarms are reset until the alarm condition is cleared and triggered again (momentary action). selection function selection function ???? no function ??? setpoint 1 or 2 select ???? program lock ???? setpoint ramp disable i??? integral action lock ???? reset both alarms ??nf auto/manual select ???? f1in f1 key function the controller performs the selected f1 key function, when l is pressed while in the display loop. in any other loop or module location, pressing l will perform an escape to the display loop. no function : no function is performed. auto/manual select : this function toggles (momentary action) the controller between automatic and manual control. setpoint 1 or 2 selection : this function toggles (momentary action) the controller between setpoint 1 and setpoint 2. reset alarms : this function can be used to reset one or both of the alarms when activated (momentary action). the alarm will remain reset until the alarm condition is cleared and triggered again. reset both alarms ???? setpoint 1 or 2 select ??? reset alarm 2 ?2?? auto/manual select ??nf reset alarm 1 ?1?? no function ???? function selection function selection
14 2?? ???? cycle time ??? to 2???? seconds output power dampening ? to 2?? seconds the cycle time is entered in seconds with one tenth of a second resolution. it is the total time for one on and one off period of the time proportioning control output o1. with time proportional control, the percentage of power is converted into an output on-time relative to the cycle time value set. (if the controller calculates that 65% power is required and a cycle time of 10.0 seconds is set, the output will be on for 6.5 seconds and off for 3.5 seconds.) for best control, a cycle time equal to one-tenth or less, of the natural period of oscillation of the process is recommended. when using the analog output signal for control, the cycle time setting has no effect. if the o1 output is not being used, a cycle time of 0 can be entered to prevent the output and indicator from cycling. ??? ???? control action ???? direct (cooling) ??? reverse (heating) this determines the control action for the pid loop. programmed for direct action (cooling), the output power will increase if the process value is above the setpoint value. programmed for reverse action (heating), the output power decreases when the process value is above the setpoint value. for heat and cool applications, this is typically set to reverse. this allows o1 or a1 (models with analog output) to be used for heating, and a2/o2 to be used for cooling. ? ???? output power lower limit ? to 1?? percent o1 ?1?? to 1?? percent o1/o2 this parameter may be used to limit controller power at the lower end due to process disturbances or setpoint changes. enter the safe output power limits for the process. if alarm 2 is selected for cooling, the range is from -100 to +100%. at 0%, both o1 and o2 are off; at 100%, o1 is on; and at -100%, o2 is on. when the controller is in manual control mode, this limit does not apply. 1?? ???i output power upper limit ? to 1?? percent o1 ?1?? to 1?? percent o1/o2 this parameter may be used to limit controller power at the upper end due to process disturbances or setpoint changes. enter the safe output power limits for the process. if alarm 2 is selected for cooling, the range is from -100 to +100%. at 0%, both o1 and o2 are off; at 100%, o1 is on; and at -100%, o2 is on. when the controller is in manual control mode, this limit does not apply. auto-tune code ? fastest to 2 slowest prior to starting auto-tune, this code should be set to achieve the necessary dampening level under pid control. this value allows customization of the pid values that auto-tune will calculate. for the process to be controlled aggressively (fastest process response with possible overshoot), set the auto-tune code to 0. for the process to be controlled conservatively (slowest response with the least amount of overshoot), set this value to 2. if the auto-tune code is changed, auto-tune needs to be reinitiated for the changes to affect the pid settings. for more information, see pid tuning explanations section. ? ??f? sensor fail power level this parameter sets the power level for the control outputs in the event of a sensor failure. if alarm 2 is not selected for cooling, the range is from 0% (o1 output full off) to 100% (o1 output full on). if a2 is selected for cooling, the range is from -100 to +100%. at 0%, both o1 and o2 are off; at 100%, o1 is on; and at -100%, o2 is on. the alarm outputs are upscale drive with an open sensor, and downscale drive with a shorted sensor (rtd only), independent of this setting. manual control overrides the sensor fail preset. the dampening time, entered as a time constant in seconds, dampens (filters) the calculated output power. increasing the value increases the dampening effect. generally, dampening times in the range of one-twentieth to one-fiftieth of the controllers integral time (or process time constant) are effective. dampening times longer than these may cause controller instability due to the added lag effect. on/off control hysteresis 1 to 2?? the controller can be placed in the on/off control mode by setting the proportional band to 0.0%. the on/off control hysteresis (balanced around the setpoint) eliminates output chatter. in heat/cool applications, the control hysteresis value affects both output o1 and output o2 control. it is suggested to set the hysteresis band to factory setting prior to starting auto-tune. after auto-tune, the hysteresis band has no effect on pid control. on/off control hysteresis is illustrated in the on/off control mode section. ? ???? ? 1 ???? t16 p16 2 ??2 ???? t16 p16 7.2 module 2 - o utput p a r a meter s ( 2-op ) cyct oplo opac ophi opfl opdp chys cycle time control action output power control on/off output power 2-op cnfp update anas output analog anut analog analog anhi high anlo low analog sensor fail power code auto-tune output analog tcod antp low limi th igh limit power output level dampening hysteresi sr ange assignment time scaling scaling parameter menu ? to 1?? percent o1 ?1?? to 1?? percent o1/o2
15 ??2? ???? analog output range (optional) ??1? v ??2? ma ??2? ma select the type of output and range. the analog output jumpers are factory set to current. they must be changed if voltage output is desired. the analog output can be calibrated to provide up to approximately 5% over range operation (0 ma current can only go slightly negative). ? ???? analog update time (optional) ? to 2?? seconds ? = update rate of 0.1 second the update time of the analog output can be used to reduce excess valve actuator or pen recorder activity. ? ???? access code ?12? to 12? ?i?? ?? ?i?? ?? ?i?? ?i? ?i?? ?? the following parameters can be configured for ??? , ?i?? , and ?i?? . ??? ???? ?i?? ???? ??? ??nf ?i?? ???? ??? ???? the following parameters can be configured for ??? or ?i?? only . ?? ???? analog output assignment (optional) this setting selects the parameter that the analog output will retransmit or track. analog low scaling (optional) -999 to 9999 the analog output assignment value that corresponds to 0 v, 0 ma or 4 ma output as selected. analog high scaling (optional) -999 to 9999 the analog output assignment value that corresponds to 10 v or 20 ma output as selected. an inverse acting output can be achieved by reversing the low and high scaling points. 7.3 module 3 - l ockout p arameters ( - ) setpoint access output power pid values s etpoint select access code access access values alarm access access s etpoint ramp access control transfer access auto-tune start access reset alarms access parameter menu ??? ???? 1???? ???i ?? in? ?? active setpoint setpoint access output power access pid values access alarm values access setpoint select access auto-tune start access setpoint ramp access control transfer access reset alarms access input signal retransmission main control % output power selection description ?i?? display: accessible in display loop. ?i?? hide: accessible in hidden loop. ??? locked: not accessible in either loop. ???? (sp only) display/read: read only in display loop, but read/write in hidden loop. ? full access to display, hidden, and configuration loops ?1 to ?12? code necessary to access configuration loop only. 1 to 12? code necessary to access hidden and configuration loops.
16 7.4 module 4 - a l a rm p a r a meter s ( 4-al ) ( o ptiona l ) act1 rst1 lit1 stb1 al-1 act2 lit2 alarm 1 action alarm 1 annunciator alarm 1 reset annunciator alarm 2 alarm 2 action 4-al cnfp ahys hysteresis alarm 1 & 2 alarm 1 value reset alarm 2 standby alarm 2 rst2 stb2 mode standby alarm 1 mode al-2 alarm 2 value parameter menu off on al + ?hys al al - ?hys off absolute high acting (balanced hys) hys trigger points alarm state alarm state off on hys sp + al sp off trigger points deviation high acting (al > 0) alarm state hys sp - al sp sp + al hys trigger points on off off on on band inside acting off on al + ?hys al al - ?hys off absolute low acting (balanced hys) trigger points hys alarm state alarm state offo n hys sp - al sp off trigger point s deviation low acting (al > 0) alarm state off on hys al al - hys off trigger points absolute high acting (unbalanced hys) alarm state off on hys al + hys al off trigger points absolute low acting (unbalanced hys) alarm state on off hys sp + (-al) sp on trigger points deviation high acting (al< 0) alarm state on hys sp - al sp off sp + al on hys off off trigger points band outside acting alarm action figures note: hys in the above figures refers to the alarm hysteresis. available alarm actions ???? none no action, the remaining alarm parameters are not available. ???i absolute high (balanced hysteresis) the alarm energizes when the process value exceeds the alarm value + 1/2 the hysteresis value. ???? absolute low (balanced hysteresis) the alarm energizes when the process value falls below the alarm value -1/2 the hysteresis value. ???i absolute high (unbalanced hysteresis) the alarm energizes when the process value exceeds the alarm value. ???? absolute low (unbalanced hysteresis) the alarm energizes when the process value falls below the alarm value. ???i deviation high alarm 1 and 2 value tracks the setpoint value ???? deviation low alarm 1 and 2 value tracks the setpoint value ??i? band acting (inside) alarm 1 and 2 value tracks the setpoint value ???? band acting (outside) alarm 1 and 2 value tracks the setpoint value ???? heat (a1 analog models only) if heating is selected, the remaining alarm 1 parameters are not available. ???? cool (a2 only) if cooling is selected, the remaining alarm 2 parameters are not available.
17 n?? lit1 alarm annunciator alarm 1 with normal selection, the alarm annunciator indicates on alarm output 1. with reverse selection, the alarm annunciator indicates off alarm output. ?? ???1 alarm standby alarm 1 standby prevents nuisance (typically low level) alarms after a power up or setpoint change. after powering up the controller or changing the setpoint, the process must leave the alarm region (enter normal non-alarm area of operation). after this has occurred, the standby is disabled and the alarm responds normally until the next controller power up or setpoint change. alarm hysteresis ?? ???2 alarm standby alarm 2 ??? standby on ?? standby off standby prevents nuisance (typically low level) alarms after a power up or setpoint change. after powering up the controller or changing the setpoint, the process must leave the alarm region (enter normal non-alarm area of operation). after this has occurred, the standby is disabled and the alarm responds normally until the next controller power up or setpoint change. alarm value alarm 1 the alarm values are entered as process units or degrees. they can also be entered in the display or hidden loops. when the alarm is configured as deviation or band acting, the associated output tracks the setpoint as it is changed. the value entered is the offset or difference from the setpoint. ???? ???1 alarm reset mode alarm 1 in automatic mode, an energized alarm turns off automatically after the temperature/process value leaves the alarm region. in latched mode, an energized alarm requires an f1 key or user input alarm reset to turn off. after an alarm reset, the alarm remains reset off until the trigger point is crossed again. n?? ???2 alarm annunciator alarm 2 n?? normal ??? reverse with normal selection, the alarm annunciator indicates on alarm output 2. with reverse selection, the alarm annunciator indicates off alarm output. ???? ???2 alarm reset mode alarm 2 ???? automatic ???? latched in automatic mode, an energized alarm turns off automatically after the temperature/process value leaves the alarm region. in latched mode, an energized alarm requires an f1 key or user input alarm reset to turn off. after an alarm reset, the alarm remains reset off until the trigger point is crossed again. alarm value alarm 2 the alarm values are entered as process units or degrees. they can also be entered in the display or hidden loops. when the alarm is configured as deviation or band acting, the associated output tracks the setpoint as it is changed. the value entered is the offset or difference from the setpoint. ???? to ???? the hysteresis value is either added to or subtracted from the alarm value, depending on the alarm action selected. the same value applies to both alarms. see the alarm action figures for a visual explanation of how alarm actions are affected by the hysteresis. ? to 2?? ???i ???2 alarm action alarm 2 select the action for the alarms. see alarm action figures for a visual explanation. ???? ???i ???? ???i ???? ???i ???? ??i? ???? ???? ? ??? ???1 t16 p16 2? 2?? ???2 t16 p16 1 ??1 ???? t16 p16 ???i ???1 alarm action alarm 1 select the action for the alarms. see alarm action figures for a visual explanation. ???? ???? ??i? ???? ???i ???? ???i ???? ???i ???? n?? normal ??? reverse ???? automatic ???? latched ??? standby on ?? standby off ???? to ????
18 cycle time ??? to 2???? seconds this cycle time functions like the o1 output cycle time but allows independent cycle time for cooling. a setting of zero will keep output o2 off. relative gain ??? to 1??? this defines the gain of the cooling relative to the heating. it is generally set to balance the effects of cooling to that of heating. this is illustrated in the heat/ cool relative gain figures. a value of 0.0 places the cooling output into on/ off control. ? ???2 deadband/overlap ???? to ???? this defines the overlap area in which both heating and cooling are active (negative value) or the deadband area between the bands (positive value). if a heat/cool overlap is specified, the percent output power is the sum of the heat power (o1) and the cool power (o2). if relative gain is zero, the cooling output operates in the on/off control mode, with the on/off control hysteresis ???? in output module 2??? becoming the cooling output hysteresis. the function of deadband is illustrated in the control mode explanations. for most applications, set this parameter to 0.0 prior to starting auto-tune. after the completion of auto-tune, this parameter may be changed. 7.5 module 5 - c ooling (s e c ond a ry ) p a r a meter s ( 5-o2 ) cyc2 db-2 gan2 cooling cycle cooling relative heat/cool deadband / 5-o2 cnfp overlap time gain parameter menu to enable cooling in heat/cool applications, the alarm 2 action must first be set for cooling. (for p16 controllers, the cooling output is sometimes referred to as secondary output.) when set to cooling, the output no longer operates as an alarm but operates as a cooling output. the o2 terminals are the same as a2, however a separate o2 annunciator indicates cooling operation. cooling output power ranges from -100% (full cooling) to 0% (no cooling, unless a heat/cool overlap is used). the power limits in output module 01 also limit the cooling power. in applications requiring only a cooling output, the main 01 output should be used. 2?? ???2 1?? ???2 tempera ture cool hea t setpoint -100% o2 +100% o1 2x propor tional band % output power o1 +100% setpoint deadband nega tive va lue cool rela tive gain = .5 .5 1 2 rela tive gain o2 -100% tempera ture hea t % output power temperat ure hea t setpoint -100% o2 +100% o1 deadband positive v alue rela tive gain 21 .5 rela tive gain = .5 cool % output power heat/cool relative gain figures heat/cool deadband = 0 heat/cool deadband < 0 heat/cool deadband > 0
19 the controller is fully calibrated from the factory. recalibration is recommended every two years by qualified technicians using appropriate equipment. calibration may be performed by using the front panel or with the tp16kit. the front panel method is explained below. (refer to the tp16kit bulletin for calibration instructions using tp16kit cable and software.) calibration may be aborted by disconnecting power to the controller before exiting factory service module ??f? . in this case, the existing calibration settings remain in effect. note: allow the controller to warm up for 30 minutes minimum and follow the manufacturers warm-up recommendations for the calibration source or measuring device. cold junction (t16) cold junction calibration requires a thermocouple of known accuracy of types t, e, j, k, c or n (connected to terminals 8 and 9) and a calibrated external reference thermocouple probe measuring in c with resolution to tenths. the two probes should be brought in contact with each other or in some way held at the same temperature. they should be shielded from air movement and allowed sufficient time to equalize in temperature. (as an alternative, the t16 thermocouple may be placed in a calibration bath of known temperature.) if performing the millivolt calibration prior, verify that the correct input type is configured in input module 1?i? before performing the following procedure. (after the millivolt calibration the controller will default to type j.) if using rtd only, the cold junction calibration need not be performed. rtd resistance (t16) rtd calibration requires a precision 277.0 ohm resistor with an accuracy of 0.1 ? (or better). connect a jumper between terminals 9 and 10 with a 0 ohm jumper between 9 and 8 at ???1 and the 277.0 ohm resistor between 9 and 8 at ???2 . if using thermocouple only, the rtd calibration need not be performed. input calibration (p16) process calibration requires a precision signal source with an accuracy of 0.03% (or better) that is capable of generating 10.0 v connected to terminals 8 (comm) and 9 (+10v) and 20.00 ma connected to terminals 8 (comm) and 10 (20ma). the current calibration can be skipped by pressing a at the not applicable prompts if using the controller for process voltage only. calibration 7.5 module 9 f ac tory s ervi c e o per a tion s ( 4 ) factory service code millivolt calibration (t16) millivolt calibration requires a precision voltage source with an accuracy of 0.03% (or better) connected to terminals 8 (comm.) and 9 (+). when calibrating the input, the millivolt calibration must be performed first, then the cold junction or rtd resistance. ?? ???? parameter menu prompt apply front panel action ?????? press j until ?? , press a . ????? press a . ????? press a . ????? press b for ??? , press a . ????1? 0.0 ohm after 5 seconds (minimum), press a . ????2? 277.0 ohm after 5 seconds (minimum), press a . prompt apply front panel action ?????? press j until ?? , press a . ????? press b for ??? , press a . ????1? 0.0 ohm after 5 seconds (minimum), press a . ????2? 2.5 v after 5 seconds (minimum), press a . ?????? 5.0 v after 5 seconds (minimum), press a . ?????? 7.5 v after 5 seconds (minimum), press a . ?????? 10.0 v after 5 seconds (minimum), press a . ?????? 0.0 ma after 5 seconds (minimum), press a . ?????? 20.0 ma after 5 seconds (minimum), press a . prompt apply front panel action ?????? press j until ?? , press a . ????? press b for ??? , press a . ????1? 0.0 ohm after 5 seconds (minimum), press a . ????2? 14.0 mv after 5 seconds (minimum), press a . ?????? 28.0 mv after 5 seconds (minimum), press a . ?????? 42.0 mv after 5 seconds (minimum), press a . ?????? 56.0 mv after 5 seconds (minimum), press a . prompt compare front panel action ?????? press j until ?? , press a . ????? press a . ????? press b for ??? , press a . top display to external reference press b or j to adjust the bottom display until the top process display matches the external reference then press a .
20 ?? ???? restore factory settings press and hold b to display ???? ?? . press a . the controller will display ???? and then return to ??f? . press l to return to the display loop. this will overwrite all user settings with factory settings. ?? ???? nominal calibration settings press and hold b to display ???? ?? . press a . press and hold b to display ???? ?? again. press a . the controller will then return to ??f? . press l to return to the display loop. this will not overwrite any user settings but will erase the controller calibration values. this procedure does not require any calibration signals nor external meters. this can be used to clear calibration error flag ???? . caution : this procedure will result in up to 10% reading error and the controller will no longer be within factory specifications. for this reason, this procedure should only be performed if meter error is outside of this range to temporarily restore operation until the unit can be accurately calibrated. for further technical assistance, contact technical support. t roubles hooting analog output calibration (t16 and p16) set the controller analog jumpers to the output type being calibrated. connect an external meter with an accuracy of 0.05% (or better) that is capable of measuring 10.00 v or 20.00 ma to terminals 6 (+v/i) and 7 (-v/i). the voltage or current calibration that is not being used must be skipped by pressing a until end appears. prompt external meter front panel action ?????? press j until ?? , press a . ????? press a . ????? press a . (t16 only) ????? press a . (t16 only) ?????? press b for ??? , press a . ?? ??? 0.00 v press b or j until external meter matches listing, press a . ? 1?? 10.00 v press b or j until external meter matches listing, press a . ? ??? 0.0 ma press b or j until external meter matches listing, press a . ? 2?? 20.0 ma press b or j until external meter matches listing, press a . problem cause remedies no display 1. power off. 2. brown-out condition. 3. loose connection or improperly wired. 4. bezel assembly not fully seated into rear of controller. 1. check power. 2. verify power reading. 3. check connections. 4. check installation. controller not working 1. incorrect setup parameters. 1. check setup parameters. ???2 in display 1. loss of setup parameters due to noise spike or other emi event. 1. press f1 to escape, then check controller accuracy. a. recalibrate controller. (see factory service module code 77.) b. reset parameters to factory default settings. ???? in display 1. loss of calibration parameters due to noise spike or other emi event. 1. press f1 to escape, then check controller accuracy. a. recalibrate controller. (see factory service module code 77.) b. reset parameters to factory default settings. ???? or ???? in display 1. display value exceeds 4 digit display range. 2. defective or miscalibrated cold junction circuit. 3. loss of setup parameters. 4. internal malfunction. 1. press f1 to escape, then check controller accuracy. a. recalibrate controller. (see factory service module code 77.) b. reset parameters to factory default settings. ???? in display (t16) 1. probe disconnected. 2. broken or burned-out probe. 3. corroded or broken terminations. 4. excessive process temperature. 1. change resolution to display whole number and verify reading. 2. perform cold junction calibration. 3. check setup parameters. 4. perform input calibration. ???? in display (p16) 1. input exceeds range of controller. 2. incorrect input wiring. 3. defective transmitter. 4. internal malfunction. 1. check input parameters. 2. check input wiring. 3. replace transmitter. 4. perform input calibration. ???? in top display 1. input exceeds range of controller. 2. temperature exceeds range of input probe. 3. defective or incorrect transmitter or probe. 4. excessive high temperature for probe. 5. loss of setup parameters. 1. check input parameters. 2. change to input sensor with a higher temperature range. 3. replace transmitter or probe. 4. reduce temperature. 5. perform input calibration. ???? in top display 1. input is below range of controller. 2. temperature below range of input probe. 3. defective or incorrect transmitter or probe. 4. excessive low temperature for probe. 5. loss of setup parameters. 1. check input parameters. 2. change to input sensor with a lower temperature range. 3. replace transmitter or probe. 4. raise temperature. 5. perform input calibration. ???? in display (t16) 1. rtd probe shorted. 1. check wiring and/or replace rtd probe. controller sluggish or not stable 1. incorrect pid values. 2. incorrect probe location. 1. see pid control. 2. evaluate probe location. ??? in display 1. control output is damaged. 1. return controller to factory for repair.
21 on/off control the controller operates in on/off control when the proportional band is set to 0.0%. in this control mode, the process will constantly oscillate around the setpoint value. the on/off control hysteresis (balanced around the setpoint) can be used to eliminate output chatter. output o1 control action can be set to reverse for heating (output on when below the setpoint) or direct for cooling (output on when above the setpoint) applications. on/off control - reverse or direct acting figures note: chys in the on/off control figures refers to the on/off control hysteresis ( ???? ) in parameter module 2. for heat and cool systems, o1 control action is set to reverse (heat) and the alarm 2 action is set to cooling (o2). the proportional band is set to 0.0 and the relative gain in cooling to 0.0. the deadband in cooling sets the amount of operational deadband or overlap between the outputs. the setpoint and the on/off control hysteresis applies to both o1 and o2 outputs. the hysteresis is balanced in relationship to the setpoint and deadband value. c ontrol m ode e xpla n ation s on output 2 (o2) : on sp off input heat/cool deadband (db2) = 0 sp + 1/2 chys sp - 1/2 chys off off output 1 (o1) : on chys sp sp + 1/2 (db-2) - 1/2 chys sp + 1/2 (db-2) + 1/2 chys sp - 1/2 (db-2) + 1/2 chys sp - 1/2 (db-2) - 1/2 chys heat/cool deadband (db-2) < 0 db-2 chys chys o2 on o1 of f o2 of f o1 on output 1 (o1) : output 2 (o2) : db-2 output 1 (o1) : output 2 (o2) : sp - 1/2 (db-2) + 1/2 chys sp - 1/2 (db-2) - 1/2 chys o1 of f sp o1 on o2 of f o1 of f o2 on chys o2 of f heat/cool deadband (db-2) > 0 sp + 1/2 (db-2) - 1/2 chys sp + 1/2 (db-2) + 1/2 chys chys o1 on o2 on input input sp + 1/2 (db-2) sp - 1/2 (db-2) sp + 1/2 (db-2) sp - 1/2 (db-2) on/off control - heat/cool output figures pid control in pid control, the controller processes the input and then calculates a control output power value by use of a modified proportional band, integral time, and derivative time control algorithm. the system is controlled with the new output power value to keep the process at the setpoint. the control action for pid control can be set to reverse for heating (output on when below the setpoint) or direct for cooling (output on when above the setpoint) applications. for heat and cool systems, the heat (o1) and cool (o2) outputs are both used. the pid parameters can be established by using auto-tune, or they can be manually tuned to the process. sp time p & i p & i & d p only p & d input typical pid response curve off output 1 (o1) : sp off input direct acting sp - 1/2 chys sp + 1/2 chys on off output 1 (o1) : sp off input reverse acting sp - 1/2 chys sp + 1/2 chys on
22 time proportional pid control in time proportional applications, the output power is converted into output on time using the cycle time. for example, with a four second cycle time and 75% power, the output will be on for three seconds (4 0.75) and off for one second. the cycle time should be no greater than 1/10 of the natural period of oscillation for the process. the natural period is the time it takes for one complete oscillation when the process is in a continuously oscillating state. linear pid control in linear pid control applications, the analog output assignment ???? is set to % output power, ?? . the analog low scaling, ???? , is set to 0.0 and the analog high scaling, ???i , is set to 100.0. the analog output will then be proportional to the pid calculated % output power for heat or cooling per the control action ???? . for example, with 0 vdc to 10 vdc (scaled 0 to 100%) and 75% power, the analog output will be 7.5 vdc. manual control mode in manual control mode, the controller operates as an open loop system (does not use the setpoint and process feedback). the user adjusts the percentage of power through the % power display to control the power for output o1. when alarm 2 is configured for cooling (o2), manual operation provides 0 to 100% power to o1 (heating) and -100 to 0% power to o2 (cooling). the low and high output power limits are ignored when the controller is in manual. mode transfer when transferring the controller mode between automatic and manual, the controlling outputs remain constant, exercising true bumpless transfer. when transferring from manual to automatic, the power initially remains steady, but integral action corrects (if necessary) the closed loop power demand at a rate proportional to the integral time. automatic control mode in automatic control mode, the percentage of output power is automatically determined by pid or on/off calculations based on the setpoint and process feedback. for this reason, pid control and on/off control always imply automatic control mode. p id t uning e xpla n ation s auto-tune auto-tune is a user-initiated function that allows the controller to automatically determine the proportional band, integral time, derivative time, digital filter, control output dampening time, and relative gain (heat/cool) values based upon the process characteristics. the auto-tune operation cycles the controlling output(s) at a control point three-quarters of the distance between the present process value and the setpoint. the nature of these oscillations determines the settings for the controllers parameters. prior to initiating auto-tune, it is important that the controller and system be first tested. (this can be accomplished in on/off control or manual control mode.) if there is a wiring, system or controller problem, auto-tune may give incorrect tuning or may never finish. auto-tune may be initiated at start-up, from setpoint or at any other process point. however, ensure normal process conditions (example: minimize unusual external load disturbances) as they will have an effect on the pid calculations. time input typical response curves with auto-tune codes 0 to 2. sp 0 1 2 auto-tune code figure start auto-tune below are the parameters and factory settings that affect auto-tune. if these setting are acceptable then auto-tune can be started just by performing two steps. if changes are needed, then they must be made before starting auto-tune. 1. enter the setpoint value in the display loop. 2. initiate auto-tune by changing auto-tune start ???? to ??? in the hidden loop. au to-tune progress the controller will oscillate the controlling output(s) for four cycles. the bottom display will flash the cycle phase number. parameter viewing is permitted during auto-tune. the time to complete the auto-tune cycles is process dependent. the controller should automatically stop auto-tune and store the calculated values when the four cycles are complete. if the controller remains in auto-tune unusually long, there may be a process problem. auto- tune may be stopped by entering ?? in auto-tune start ???? . time input aut1 aut4 auto-tune start auto-tune control point setpoint auto-tune complete, pi d settings are calculated and loaded into memory aut2 aut3 on off on off output 1 (o1) : phase 1/2 chys * 1/2 chys * * - on/off control hysteresis auto-tune operation (reverse acting) display parameter factory setting module ???? input type ???? t16 ???? p16 1?i? f??? digital filtering 1 1?i? ???? on/off control hysteresis 2 t16 ??2 p16 2??? ???? auto-tune code ??? 2??? ???2 deadband ??? ???2 ??n? auto-tune access ?????? ????
23 pid adjustments in some applications, it may be necessary to fine tune the auto-tune calculated pid parameters. to do this, a chart recorder or data logging device is needed to provide a visual means of analyzing the process. compare the actual process response to the pid response figures with a step change to the process. make changes to the pid parameters in no more than 20% increments from the starting value and allow the process sufficient time to stabilize before evaluating the effects of the new parameter settings. in some unusual cases, the auto-tune function may not yield acceptable control results or induced oscillations may cause system problems. in these applications, manual tuning is an alternative. time sp sp time inputi nput overshoot and oscilla tions slow response to dampen response: - use setpoint ramping. - use output power limits . - re-invoke auto -tune with a higher auto -tune code. - increase propor tional band. - increase integral time. - increase derivat ive time. to quicken response: - increase or defeat setpoint ramping. - extend output power limits . - re-invoke auto -tune with a lower auto -tune code. - decrease propor tional band. - decrease integral time. - decrease deriva tive time. - check cycle time. process response extremes manual tuning a chart recorder or data logging device is necessary to measure the time between process cycles. this procedure is an alternative to the controllers auto- tune function. it will not provide acceptable results if system problems exist. 1. set the proportional band ( ???? ) to 10.0% for temperature models (t16) and 100.0% for process models (p16). 2. set both the integral time ( in?? ) and derivative time ( ???? ) to 0 seconds. 3. set the output dampening time ( ???? ) in output module 2??? to 0 seconds. 4. set the output cycle time [cyct] in output module 2??? to no higher than one-tenth of the process time constant (when applicable). 5. place the controller in manual ???? control mode ??nf in the hidden loop and adjust the % power to drive the process value to the setpoint value. allow the process to stabilize after setting the % power. note: ??nf must be set to ???? in parameter lockouts module ???? . 6. place the controller in automatic ( ???? ) control mode ??nf in the hidden loop. if the process will not stabilize and starts to oscillate, set the proportional band two times higher and go back to step 5. 7. if the process is stable, decrease proportional band setting by two times and change the setpoint value a small amount to excite the process. continue with this step until the process oscillates in a continuous nature. 8. fix the proportional band to three times the setting that caused the oscillation in step 7. 9. set the integral time to two times the period of the oscillation. 10. set the derivative time to 1/8 (0.125) of the integral time. 11. set the output dampening time to 1/40 (0.025) the period of the oscillation.
24 parameter value chart programmer:______________________date:_________ controller number:_______ security code:_______ display parameter factory setting user setting ?? setpoint value sp1 ?? setpoint value sp2 t16 p16 2? 2?? ?? output power percent ??? ???? * proportional band in?? * integral time t16 p16 12? ?? ???? * derivative time t16 p16 ?? ? ???1 * alarm 1 value ? ???2 * alarm 2 value ? t16 p16 ? ??? ?? auto-tune start ???? ???? ??nf ??? setpoint ramp rate ???? ??1 setpoint select ???? user setting factory setting parameter display display loop output module ( 2??? ) lockout module ( ???? ) alarm module ( ???? ) cooling module ( ???2 ) hidden loop input module ( 1?i? ) t16 only input module ( 1?i? ) p16 only * factory setting places these parameters in the hidden loop (set to ???? in lockout module ???? . ???? ???? ? ???? ? 1 f1 key function setpoint high limit shift/offset user input function setpoint low limit digital filtering f1in ???i ??f? in?? ???? f??? ? decimal resolution ???? ?f temperature scale ???? ??? ? input type ???? user setting factory setting parameter display f1in f1 key function /0/& in?? user input function 1-0 ???i setpoint high limit ????? ???? setpoint low limit ??? in?2 ???2 in?1 ???1 input value scaling 2 display value scaling 2 input value scaling 1 display value scaling 1 2???? 1???? ???? ??? user setting display parameter factory setting ??? ???? percent annunciator input type ?? ???? ?n? rounding increment ??1 ???? decimal resolution ??? f??? digital filtering 1 control mode transfer ???? on/off control hysteresis 2 ??2 ???? auto-tune code ?n?? analog output range ??2? ???? control action ??? ???i analog high scaling 1???? ???? analog low scaling ??? ???? analog update time ? ???? analog output assignment ?? ???? output power dampening t16 p16 ? 1 user setting display parameter factory setting ???? cycle time 2?? ???i output power upper limit 1?? ???? ? ??f? sensor fail power preset ? output power lower limit ?? alarm value access ?i?? ???? access code ? ???? setpoint select access ??? ???? reset alarms access ??? ???? auto-tune access ?i?? ??nf transfer control access ??? ???? setpoint ramp access ?i?? ?i? pid value access ?i?? user setting display parameter factory setting ?? setpoint access ?i?? ?? output power access ?i?? ???1 alarm 1 standby ?? ???1 alarm 1 value ? ???2 alarm 2 action ???i ???? ???2 alarm 1 & 2 hysteresis alarm 2 value t16 p16 ? ???2 alarm 2 standby /0 ???2 alarm 2 reset mode ???? ???2 alarm 2 annunciator n?? ???1 alarm 1 reset mode ???? user setting display parameter factory setting ???1 alarm 1 action ???i ???1 alarm 1 annunciator n?? ? deadband ???2 1?? relative gain ???2 2?? cycle time ???2 user setting factory setting parameter display ??? 1???? t16 p16 1 ??1 t16 p16
25 t 16 & p16 p rogra mming q uick o verview 1-in type pct scal dcpt rnd fltr dsp1 inp1 dsp2 input type percent symbol temp scale decimal resolution rounding increment digital filtering display value 1 input value 1 cycle time control action output power low limit output power high limit sensor fail power preset output power dampening on/off control hysteresis auto-tune code inp2 shft splo sphi inpt f1in input value 2 shift/offset setpoint low limit setpoint high limit user input function f1 key function antp anas anut anlo anhi analog output range analog output assignment analog output update time analog low scaling analog high scaling display value 2 2-op cyct opac oplo ophi opfl opdp chys tcod 3-lc sp op pid al code spsl sprp trnf setpoint access output power access pid values access alarm values access access code setpoint select access setpoint ramp rate access auto/manual transfer access 4-al act1 lit1 rst1 stb1 al-1 act2 lit2 alarm 1 action alarm 1 annunciator alarm 1 reset mode alarm 1 standby alarm 1 value alarm 2 action alarm 2 annunciator tune auto-tune off/on access alrs reset alarms access rst2 stb2 al-2 ahys alarm 2 reset mode alarm 2 standby alarm 2 value alarm 1 & 2 hysteresis 5-o2 cyc2 gan2 db-2 cooling cycle time cooling relative gain heat/cool deadband/overlap 9-fs code factory service code no cnfp hidden loop display loop ? ? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? - p16 only ? - t16 only ?? ends and returns to start of display loop. l enters displayed module, then advances to the next parameter. a advances to the next module, then changes parameter selection/value. bj parameter availability is model and program dependent.
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limited warranty (a) red lion controls inc., sixnet inc., n-tron corporation, or blue tree wireless data, inc. (the company) warrants that all products shall be free from defects in material and workmanship under normal use for the period of time provided in statement of warranty periods (available at www.redlion.net) current at the time of shipment of the products (the warranty period). except for the above-stated warranty, company makes no warranty whatsoever with respect to the products, including any (a) warranty of merchantability; (b) warranty of fitness for a particular purpose; or (c) warranty against infringement of intellectual property rights of a third party; whether express or implied by law, course of dealing, course of performance, usage of trade or otherwise. customer shall be responsible for determining that a product is suitable for customers use and that such use complies with any applicable local, state or federal law. (b) the company shall not be liable for a breach of the warranty set forth in paragraph (a) if (i) the defect is a result of customers failure to store, install, commission or maintain the product according to specifications; (ii) customer alters or repairs such product without the prior written consent of company. (c) subject to paragraph (b), with respect to any such product during the warranty period, company shall, in its sole discretion, either (i) repair or replace the product; or (ii) credit or refund the price of product provided that, if company so requests, customer shall, at companys expense, return such product to company. (d) the remedies set forth in paragraph (c) shall be the customers sole and exclusive remedy and companys entire liability for any breach of the limited warranty set forth in paragraph (a). red lion controls headquarters 20 willow springs circle york pa 17406 tel +1 (717) 767-6511 fax +1 (717) 764-0839 red lion controls china unit 1102, xinmao plaza building 9, no.99 tianzhou road shanghai, p.r. china 200223 tel +86 21 6113 3688 fax +86 21 6113 3683 red lion controls europe softwareweg 9 nl - 3821 bn amersfoort tel +31 (0) 334 723 225 fax +31 (0) 334 893 793 red lion controls india 201-b, 2nd floor, park centra opp 32 mile stone, sector-30 gurgaon-122002 haryana, india tel +91 984 487 0503

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